Industry Engine Evaluation

CUMMINS INJECTOR DEPOSITING TEST
This test evaluates the propensity of a diesel fuel to form deposits in heavy duty direct injection (DI) diesel fuel injectors and the effectiveness of a diesel fuel additive in preventing or reducing those deposits under specified conditions. Cummins Engine Company developed the L10-IDT test and set the pass/fail criteria. This test is currently one of the methods specified by the NCWM, the EMA and the TMC for defining Premium Diesel Fuel.

Test Parameters:
Two 1988 L10 Cummins rated 2100 rpm, 300 bhp, are mounted in tandem, connected by a drive shaft, flywheel to crankshaft nose. With no external loading, one engine drives the other at constant speed for fixed cycle intervals. The cycle continuously alternates, with the first engine driving the second engine for 15 seconds at a cycle speed of 2300 rpm and then the second engine driving the first engine for 15 seconds.

Basic operating parameters:

• Use new production Cummins stepped PT Injectors
• Check injector leakage: cup-to-plunger, barrel-to-plunger, check-ball
• Reset injector top stop
• Determine before test injector flow
• Install injectors in engine and set per procedure
• Start engines, set throttle leakage
• Establish proper cycle and test conditions
• Run 125 hours

At the end of the test, the injectors are removed from the engine to determine after-test flow. The plungers are then carefully removed from the injector housings so as not to disturb any deposits. The plunger minor diameters are then visually rated by the CRC rating method, and the engine deposit rating determined.

Plunger Rating:
The principle criterion used for evaluating deposit level is a visual rating by a trained rater. The procedure is similar to that used in piston deposit rating. The plunger minor diameter is divided into areas and deposits on those areas are rated in terms of deposit type and percentage. The higher the number rating, the heavier and larger the deposits.

Commercial Low Sulfur Diesel Fuel

Same Fuel Treated with Octel Starreon Performance Plus Detergent

     

Cummins L10 Injector Depositing Test Injector Plungers from Cylinders 1,2,3. Average Rating of 42

Cummins L10 Injector Depositing Test Injector Plungers from Cylinders 1,2,3. Average Rating of 6.0

 

CUMMINS N-14 INJECTOR CORROSION / EROSION TEST

• Developed in 1991-92 to simulate nozzle corrosion/erosion seen in the field.
• Presented to the industry at the API Products Committee meeting in April 1992

Developmental Objectives

• Simulates Field Failure Mechanism
• Allows Comparison of Proposed Solutions
• Determine Fuel and Additive Effects
• Repeatability

CUMMINS N-14 NOZZLE EROSION TEST

Test Set Up

• N-14 Engine
• Select Injectors
• Electronic Timing

Test Conditions

• No load
• Manifold Inlet at 50-60°F
• Coolant Out at 150°F

Cycle

• Idle at 700 RPM for 1/2 hour
• Snap to High Idle (1900 RPM)

Duration

• 200 hours

Fuel

• Cat 1-K Reference (0.4% w/w S)

Measurement

• Percent Flow Increase

	Fail 7 Percent Flow Increase Using Commercial #2 Diesel Fuel
	Pass Zero Percent Flow Increase Using Performance Plus Diesel

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